Having a risk-based approach is central to a financial institution understanding the money laundering and terrorist financing risk to which they are exposed. The development of a money laundering and terrorist financing risk assessment is a key starting point. Commonly used risk factors include. (Select Three.)
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Explanation:
The CAMS 6th Edition clearly identifies a risk-based approach as the cornerstone of effective AML/CFT programs. Risk assessments should consider various risk factors that directly influence exposure to ML/TF.
Product risk (A): Certain products or services may present higher ML/TF risks, such as private banking, correspondent banking, or cash-intensive products.''Products and services offered, and their inherent risk levels, must be assessed as part of the risk-based approach.''(CAMS 6th Edition, AML Compliance Program, Risk Assessment) Geographic risk (C): Jurisdictions where the customer operates or where transactions are conducted may present higher or lower risks due to factors such as weak AML regulations or high corruption.''Geographic risk considers where a customer is located and/or where transactions occur, referencing countries with increased risk, such as those identified by the FATF.''(CAMS 6th Edition, Risk Assessment Factors) Customer risk (D): The type of customer, such as PEPs, non-residents, or companies with complex structures, may present higher ML/TF risks.''Customer risk assessment is based on the customer's profile, activity, and ownership structure, and is a critical component in risk-based monitoring.''(CAMS 6th Edition, CDD/EDD) Incorrect Options: B (Credit risk): Related to creditworthiness, not ML/TF. E (Liquidity risk): Refers to a firm's ability to meet financial obligations; not an AML risk factor. CAMS Study Guide 6th Edition, AML Compliance Program, ''Risk-Based Approach'' FATF Guidance: National Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment (2013)
Question 2
What is the first step in designing an effective controls framework using a risk-based approach?
Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
The first step in designing an effective controls framework using a risk-based approach is conducting a risk assessment. This identifies and evaluates inherent risks, providing the basis for determining which controls are necessary and how they should be prioritized.
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